Wolemba: 梧桐
Malinga ndi Bluetooth SIG, Bluetooth version 5.4 yatulutsidwa, zomwe zabweretsa muyezo watsopano wa ma tag amagetsi. Zikumveka kuti kusinthidwa kwa ukadaulo wogwirizana, kumbali imodzi, mtengo wa netiweki imodzi ukhoza kukulitsidwa kufika pa 32640, kumbali ina, chipatacho chimatha kulumikizana mbali ziwiri ndi mtengo wa tag.
Nkhaniyi imapangitsanso anthu kukhala ndi chidwi ndi mafunso angapo: Kodi zatsopano zaukadaulo zomwe zili mu Bluetooth yatsopanoyi ndi ziti? Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito ma tag amitengo yamagetsi kumakhudza bwanji? Kodi izi zisintha momwe mafakitale alili? Kenako, pepalali lidzakambirana nkhani zomwe zili pamwambapa, zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo pakukula kwa ma tag amitengo yamagetsi.
Apanso, Dziwani Chizindikiro cha Mtengo Wamagetsi
Chikwangwani chamtengo wamagetsi, LCD ndi chipangizo chowonetsera mapepala chamagetsi chomwe chimagwira ntchito yotumiza ndi kulandira chidziwitso, kudzera mu kulumikizana opanda zingwe kuti chidziwitso cha mtengo chisinthe. Chifukwa chimatha kusintha chizindikiro chamtengo wachikhalidwe, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa (chipangizo chamtengo wamagetsi cha inki chokhala ndi mabatire awiri amatha kupirira kwa zaka zoposa 5), chimakondedwa ndi opanga ambiri ogulitsa. Pakadali pano, chagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani odziwika bwino ogulitsa zinthu monga Wal-Mart, Yonghui, Hema Fresh, Mi home ndi zina zotero.
Ndipo chizindikiro cha mtengo wamagetsi si chizindikiro chabe, koma dongosolo lonse kumbuyo kwake. Kawirikawiri, dongosolo la chizindikiro cha mtengo wamagetsi limaphatikizapo magawo anayi: chizindikiro cha mtengo wamagetsi (ESL), siteshoni ya opanda zingwe (ESLAP), chizindikiro cha mtengo wamagetsi (SaaS system) ndi chipangizo chonyamulidwa m'manja (PDA).
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya dongosololi ndi iyi: kugwirizanitsa zambiri za katundu ndi mitengo pa nsanja ya SaaS cloud, ndikutumiza zambiri ku chizindikiro cha mtengo wamagetsi kudzera pa siteshoni ya ESL. Mukalandira zambirizo, chizindikiro cha mtengo chingawonetse zambiri zoyambira za katundu monga dzina, mtengo, chiyambi ndi tsatanetsatane nthawi yeniyeni. Mofananamo, zambiri za malonda zitha kusinthidwanso popanda intaneti posanthula khodi ya malonda kudzera pa PDA yonyamula m'manja.
Pakati pa izi, kutumiza uthenga kumadalira ukadaulo wolumikizirana wopanda zingwe. Pakadali pano, pali njira zitatu zazikulu zolumikizirana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitengo yamagetsi: 433 MHz, 2.4GHz yachinsinsi, Bluetooth, ndipo njira iliyonse mwa zitatuzi ili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zake.
Kotero, Bluetooth ndi imodzi mwa ma protocol odziwika bwino, koma kwenikweni, pamsika, kugwiritsa ntchito Bluetooth ndi protocol yachinsinsi ya 2.4GHz kuli kofanana. Koma tsopano Bluetooth kuti chizindikiro cha mtengo wamagetsi chikhazikitse muyezo watsopano, sizovuta kuwona, ndikujambula chizindikiro cha mtengo wamagetsi pamsika wa pulogalamuyi.
Kodi chatsopano ndi chiyani ndi muyezo wa Bluetooth ESL?
Pakadali pano, malo ofikira a malo oyambira a ESL ali pakati pa mamita 30-40, ndipo chiwerengero chachikulu cha ma tag omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito chimasiyana kuyambira 1000-5000. Koma malinga ndi Bluetooth Core Specification Version 5.4 yaposachedwa, mothandizidwa ndi ukadaulo watsopano, netiweki imatha kulumikiza zida 32,640 za ESL, kuwonjezera pa kukwaniritsidwa kwa zida za ESL ndi kulumikizana kwa njira ziwiri.
Bluetooth 5.4 imasintha zinthu ziwiri zokhudzana ndi ma tag amitengo yamagetsi:
1. Kutsatsa Kwanthawi ndi Mayankho (PAwR, kutsatsa kwanthawi ndi mayankho)
PAwR imalola kukhazikitsa netiweki ya nyenyezi yokhala ndi njira ziwiri zolumikizirana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida za ESL zizitha kulandira deta ndikuyankha wotumiza. Kuphatikiza apo, zida za ESL zitha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo, ndipo chipangizo chilichonse cha ESL chili ndi adilesi yakeyake kuti chizitha kulumikizana bwino ndikulola kulumikizana kwa munthu mmodzi ndi munthu mmodzi komanso kwa anthu ambiri.
Pachithunzichi, AP ndi wailesi ya PAwR; ESL ndi mtengo wamagetsi (womwe uli m'gulu la ma GRPS osiyanasiyana, wokhala ndi ma ID osiyana); subevent ndi subevent; rsp slot ndi malo oyankha. Pachithunzichi, mzere wakuda wopingasa ndi AP yotumiza malamulo ndi mapaketi ku ESL, ndipo mzere wofiira wopingasa ndi ESL yoyankha ndikubwezera ku AP.
Malinga ndi Bluetooth Core Specification Version 5.4, ESL imagwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira ma address a chipangizo (binary) yokhala ndi ma ID a ESL a 8-bit ndi ma ID a gulu la 7-bit. Ndipo ESL ID ndi yapadera m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, netiweki ya chipangizo cha ESL imatha kukhala ndi magulu okwana 128, omwe aliwonse amatha kukhala ndi zida zapadera za ESL zokwana 255 za mamembala a gululo. Mwachidule, pakhoza kukhala zida zonse za ESL 32,640 mu netiweki, ndipo chizindikiro chilichonse chikhoza kulamulidwa kuchokera pamalo amodzi olowera.
2. Deta Yotsatsa Yobisika (EAD, Deta Yofalitsa Yobisika)
EAD imapereka ntchito zobisa deta yowulutsa. Deta yowulutsa ikasungidwa, imatha kulandiridwa ndi chipangizo chilichonse, koma imatha kuchotsedwa ndikutsimikiziridwa ndi chipangizo chomwe kale chinali ndi kiyi yolumikizirana. Phindu lalikulu la izi ndikuti zomwe zili mu mapaketi owulutsa zimasintha pamene adilesi ya chipangizocho ikusintha, zomwe zimachepetsa mwayi wotsatiridwa.
Kutengera ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambapa, Bluetooth idzakhala yothandiza kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ma sticker apakompyuta. Makamaka poyerekeza ndi 433MHz ndi 2.4GHz yachinsinsi, alibe miyezo yolumikizirana yapadziko lonse lapansi, kuthekera kogwira ntchito, kukhazikika, chitetezo sichingatsimikizidwe bwino, makamaka pankhani yachitetezo, kuthekera kotanthauzira kudzakhala kwakukulu.
Pamene muyezo watsopano wafika, makampani opanga zinthu zamagetsi angayambitsenso kusintha kwina, makamaka opanga zinthu zolumikizirana ndi omwe amapereka mayankho pakati pa unyolo wa mafakitale. Kwa opanga njira za Bluetooth, kaya athandizire zosintha za OTA pazinthu zogulitsidwa komanso ngati awonjezere Bluetooth 5.4 mu mzere watsopano wazinthu ndi funso lofunika kuliganizira. Ndipo kwa opanga omwe si a Bluetooth, kaya asinthe njira yayikulu kuti agwiritse ntchito Bluetooth ndi vuto.
Koma kachiwiri, kodi msika wamagetsi ukukula bwanji masiku ano, ndipo mavuto ake ndi otani?
Mkhalidwe wa chitukuko cha msika ndi zovuta zake pamtengo wamagetsi
Pakadali pano, kudzera mu kutumiza kwa e-paper komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi makampani akuluakulu, mtengo wotumizira wamagetsi wafika pachimake chaka ndi chaka.
Malinga ndi lipoti la Lotu la Global ePaper Market Analysis Quarterly Report, ma module a e-paper okwana 190 miliyoni adatumizidwa padziko lonse lapansi m'magawo atatu oyamba a 2022, zomwe zidakwera ndi 20.5% poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi chaka chatha. Ponena za zinthu zamagetsi, kutumiza ma label amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi m'magawo atatu oyamba kudafika pa zidutswa 180 miliyoni, ndipo kukula kwa chaka ndi chaka kwafika pa 28.6%.
Koma ma e-tag tsopano akulephera kupeza phindu lowonjezereka. Popeza ma label amagetsi amadziwika ndi moyo wautali wautumiki, zimatenga zaka zosachepera 5-10 kuti zisinthidwe, kotero sipadzakhala kusintha kwa masheya pakapita nthawi yayitali, kotero tingoyang'ana msika wowonjezereka. Komabe, vuto ndilakuti ogulitsa ambiri sakufuna kusintha ma tag amagetsi. "Ogulitsa ena akhala akukayikira kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa ESL chifukwa cha nkhawa yokhudza kutsekedwa kwa ogulitsa, kugwirira ntchito limodzi, kufalikira komanso kuthekera kokulitsa izi ku mapulani ena anzeru ogulitsa," adatero Andrew Zignani, director wa Kafukufuku ku ABI Research.
Mofananamo, mtengo wake ndi vuto lalikulu. Ngakhale kuti mtengo wamagetsi wasinthidwa kwambiri kuti uchepetse ndalama zambiri zoyika zinthu, umagwiritsidwabe ntchito ndi masitolo akuluakulu monga Walmart ndi Yonghui pamsika wogulitsa. Kwa masitolo akuluakulu ammudzi, masitolo ogulitsa zinthu zotsika mtengo komanso masitolo ogulitsa mabuku, mtengo wake ukadali wokwera. Ndipo ndikofunikira kunena kuti masitolo ogulitsa zinthu zotsika mtengo ndi ofunikiranso m'masitolo omwe si akuluakulu.
Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakali pano pa ma tag amitengo yamagetsi ndizosavuta. Pakadali pano, 90% ya ma tag amitengo yamagetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo ogulitsa, koma ochepera 10% amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maofesi, azachipatala ndi zina. SES-imagotag, kampani yayikulu mumakampani opanga ma tag amitengo yamagetsi, ikukhulupirira kuti tag yamtengo wa digito siyenera kungokhala chida chowonetsera mitengo yokha, koma iyenera kukhala microweb ya deta yonse yomwe ingathandize ogula kupanga zisankho zogwiritsira ntchito ndalama ndikusunga nthawi ndi ndalama kwa olemba ntchito ndi antchito.
Komabe, palinso nkhani yabwino kuposa zovuta. Kuchuluka kwa mitengo yamagetsi pamsika wamkati kuli kochepera 10%, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti msika udakali wochuluka woti ugwiritsidwe ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, ndi kukonza bwino mfundo zowongolera mliriwu, kubwezeretsa kwa ogula ndi njira yayikulu, ndipo kubwezera kobwezera kwa mbali yogulitsa kukubweranso, komwe ndi mwayi wabwino kuti mitengo yamagetsi ikule. Kuphatikiza apo, osewera ambiri mu unyolo wamakampani akuyika mwachangu ma tag amagetsi, Qualcomm ndi SES-imagotag akugwirizana pa ma tag amagetsi ovomerezeka. M'tsogolomu, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba komanso chizolowezi chokhazikika, ma tag amagetsi adzakhalanso ndi tsogolo latsopano.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-21-2023