Ma automation apakhomo ndi otchuka kwambiri masiku ano. Pali ma protocol ambiri opanda zingwe, koma omwe anthu ambiri adamvapo ndi WiFi ndi Bluetooth chifukwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zida zomwe ambirife tili nazo, mafoni am'manja ndi makompyuta. Koma pali njira ina yachitatu yotchedwa ZigBee yomwe idapangidwa kuti izitha kulamulira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida. Chinthu chimodzi chomwe onse atatuwa ali nacho chofanana ndichakuti amagwira ntchito pafupifupi pafupipafupi yofanana - pa 2.4 GHz kapena pafupifupi. Kufanana kwake kumatha pamenepo. Ndiye kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?

WIFI

WiFi ndi njira yolowera m'malo mwa chingwe cha Ethernet cholumikizidwa ndi waya ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mikhalidwe yomweyi kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya kulikonse. Phindu lalikulu la WiFi ndilakuti mudzatha kuwongolera ndikuyang'anira zida zanzeru zambiri zomwe zili m'nyumba mwanu kuchokera kulikonse padziko lapansi kudzera pa foni yam'manja, piritsi, kapena laputopu. Ndipo, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa Wi-Fi, pali zida zanzeru zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimatsatira muyezo uwu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti PC siyenera kusiyidwa kuti igwire ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito WiFi. Zinthu zolumikizira kutali monga makamera a IP zimagwiritsa ntchito WiFi kotero zimatha kulumikizidwa ku rauta ndikuzipeza pa intaneti. WiFi ndi yothandiza koma si yosavuta kuyigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mukufuna kulumikiza chipangizo chatsopano ku netiweki yanu yomwe ilipo.

Vuto ndilakuti zipangizo zamakono zoyendetsedwa ndi Wi-Fi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodula kuposa zomwe zimagwira ntchito pansi pa ZigBee. Poyerekeza ndi njira zina, Wi-Fi imafuna mphamvu zambiri, kotero zimenezo zingakhale vuto ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chanzeru choyendetsedwa ndi batri, koma palibe vuto ngati chipangizo chanzerucho chili ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya m'nyumba.

BLUTOOTH

Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kwa BLE (bluetooth) ndikofanana ndi pakati pa WiFi ndi Zigbee, zonse ziwiri zili ndi mphamvu zochepa za Zigbee (kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikochepa kuposa kwa WiFi), mawonekedwe a kuyankha mwachangu, ndipo ali ndi ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito WiFi mosavuta (popanda chipata chitha kulumikizidwa ndi ma netiweki am'manja), makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito mafoni, tsopano monga WiFi, protocol ya bluetooth yakhala protocol yokhazikika mu foni yanzeru.

Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pakati pa ma point ndi ma point, ngakhale ma network a Bluetooth amatha kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta. Mapulogalamu wamba omwe tonse timawadziwa amalola kusamutsa deta kuchokera ku mafoni kupita ku ma PC. Bluetooth wireless ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera maulalo awa a point ndi ma point, chifukwa imakhala ndi liwiro lalikulu losamutsa deta ndipo, ndi antenna yoyenera, imakhala ndi mtunda wautali kwambiri mpaka 1KM m'malo abwino. Ubwino waukulu apa ndi wotsika mtengo, chifukwa palibe ma routers kapena ma network osiyana omwe amafunikira.

Vuto limodzi ndilakuti Bluetooth, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri, idapangidwa kuti ilumikizane ndi anthu patali, kotero mutha kusintha momwe chipangizo chanzeru chimagwirira ntchito kuchokera pa intaneti. Chinanso n'chakuti, ngakhale kuti Bluetooth yakhalapo kwa zaka zoposa 20, ndi chinthu chatsopano chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti yanzeru, ndipo mpaka pano, opanga ambiri satsatira muyezowu.

ZIGBEE

Nanga bwanji za ZigBee opanda zingwe? Iyi ndi njira yopanda zingwe yomwe imagwiranso ntchito mu gulu la 2.4GHz, monga WiFi ndi Bluetooth, koma imagwira ntchito pamitengo yotsika kwambiri ya data. Ubwino waukulu wa ZigBee opanda zingwe ndi

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa
• Netiweki yolimba kwambiri
• Mpaka ma node 65,645
• N'zosavuta kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa ma node pa netiweki

Zigbee ndi njira yolumikizirana opanda zingwe yaufupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, phindu lalikulu ndilakuti imatha kupanga zida za netiweki zokha, kutumiza deta ya zida zosiyanasiyana zolumikizidwa mwachindunji, koma imafunika malo pakati pa netiweki ya AD hoc kuti iyendetse netiweki ya Zigbee, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mu zida za Zigbee zomwe zili mu netiweki ziyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zofanana ndi "rauta", kulumikiza chipangizocho pamodzi, kuzindikira momwe zida za Zigbee zimalumikizirana.

Gawo lowonjezera la "rauta" ili ndi lomwe timalitcha kuti gateway.

Kuwonjezera pa ubwino, ZigBee ilinso ndi zovuta zambiri. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, palinso malire okhazikitsa ZigBee, chifukwa zipangizo zambiri za ZigBee zilibe njira yawoyawo, kotero chipangizo chimodzi cha ZigBee sichingathe kulamulidwa mwachindunji ndi foni yathu yam'manja, ndipo njira yolowera imafunika ngati malo olumikizirana pakati pa chipangizocho ndi foni yam'manja.

Kodi mungagule bwanji chipangizo chanzeru cha kunyumba motsatira mgwirizano?

Kawirikawiri, mfundo za njira yosankha zipangizo zamakono ndi izi:

1) Pa zipangizo zolumikizidwa, gwiritsani ntchito protocol ya WIFI;

2) Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito foni yam'manja, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya BLE;

3) ZigBee imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa masensa.

Komabe, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, mapangano osiyanasiyana a zida amagulitsidwa nthawi yomweyo pamene wopanga akusintha zidazo, choncho tiyenera kulabadira mfundo zotsatirazi pogula zida zanzeru zapakhomo:

1. Mukagula "ZigBee"Chida, onetsetsani kuti muli nachoChipata cha ZigBeekunyumba, apo ayi zipangizo zambiri za ZigBee sizingalamuliridwe mwachindunji kuchokera pafoni yanu yam'manja.

2.Zipangizo za WiFi/BLE, zipangizo zambiri za WiFi/BLE zitha kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ku netiweki ya foni yam'manja popanda chipata, popanda mtundu wa ZigBee wa chipangizocho, ziyenera kukhala ndi chipata cholumikizira ku foni yam'manja. Zipangizo za WiFi ndi BLE ndizosankha.

3. Zipangizo za BLE nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi mafoni a m'manja pafupi, ndipo chizindikirocho sichili bwino kumbuyo kwa khoma. Chifukwa chake, sikoyenera kugula protocol ya BLE "yokha" pazipangizo zomwe zimafuna mphamvu yowongolera kutali.

4. Ngati rauta yapakhomo ndi rauta yapakhomo wamba, sikoyenera kuti zipangizo zanzeru zapakhomo zigwiritse ntchito njira ya WIFI yambiri, chifukwa n'zotheka kuti chipangizocho chizikhala chopanda intaneti nthawi zonse. (Chifukwa cha ma node ochepa olowera a rauta wamba, kupeza zida zambiri za WIFI kungakhudze kulumikizana kwabwinobwino kwa WIFI.)

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