Kodi Mungadziwe Bwanji Mwayi wa Intaneti ya Zinthu mu 2022?

(Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Nkhaniyi, yatengedwa ndi kumasuliridwa kuchokera ku ulinkmedia.)

Mu lipoti lake laposachedwa, "Intaneti ya Zinthu: Kupeza Mwayi Wofulumira," McKinsey yasintha momwe amamvetsetsa msika ndipo yavomereza kuti ngakhale kuti pakhala kukula mwachangu m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, msikawu walephera kukwaniritsa zomwe waneneratu za kukula kwa 2015. Masiku ano, kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ya Zinthu m'mabizinesi kumakumana ndi zovuta kuchokera ku kasamalidwe, mtengo, luso, chitetezo cha netiweki ndi zina.

Lipoti la McKinsey likulongosola mosamala intaneti ya zinthu ngati netiweki ya masensa ndi ma actuator olumikizidwa ku makina a makompyuta omwe amatha kuyang'anira kapena kusamalira thanzi ndi thanzi la zinthu ndi makina olumikizidwa. Masensa olumikizidwa amathanso kuyang'anira chilengedwe, khalidwe la anthu ndi nyama.

Mu tanthauzo ili, McKinsey sakuchotsa gulu lalikulu la machitidwe omwe masensa onse amapangidwira makamaka kulandira mauthenga a anthu (monga mafoni a m'manja ndi ma PCS).

Ndiye kodi chotsatira n’chiyani pa intaneti ya zinthu? McKinsey akukhulupirira kuti njira yopitira patsogolo chitukuko cha iot, komanso chilengedwe chamkati ndi chakunja, yasintha kwambiri kuyambira mu 2015, kotero imafufuza mwatsatanetsatane zinthu za mphepo yam'mbuyo ndi mphepo yam'mbuyo ndikupereka malingaliro a chitukuko.

Pali mphepo zitatu zazikulu zomwe zikuyendetsa msika wa iot mwachangu kwambiri:

• Kuzindikira Mtengo: Makasitomala omwe achita mapulojekiti a iot akuwona kufunika kwa mapulogalamu, zomwe ndi kusintha kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi kafukufuku wa McKinsey wa 2015.
• Kupita Patsogolo kwa Ukadaulo: Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ukadaulo, ukadaulo sulinso vuto lalikulu pakuyika makina akuluakulu a iot. Kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta mwachangu, kuchepetsa ndalama zosungira, kukhala ndi moyo wabwino wa batri, kupita patsogolo kwa kuphunzira kwa makina… Zikuyendetsa intaneti ya zinthu.
• Zotsatira za netiweki: Kuyambira pa 4G mpaka 5G, chiwerengero cha zipangizo zolumikizidwa chaphulika, ndipo liwiro, mphamvu, ndi kuchedwa kwa ma protocol osiyanasiyana a netiweki zonse zawonjezeka.

Pali zinthu zisanu zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto, zomwe ndi mavuto ndi mavuto omwe chitukuko cha intaneti ya zinthu nthawi zambiri chimayenera kukumana nawo.

• Kuzindikira Kayendetsedwe ka Zinthu: Makampani nthawi zambiri amaona intaneti ya Zinthu ngati ukadaulo osati kusintha kwa bizinesi yawo. Chifukwa chake, ngati pulojekiti ya iot ikutsogozedwa ndi dipatimenti ya IT, IT imakhala yovuta kupanga kusintha kofunikira pa khalidwe, njira, kasamalidwe, ndi ntchito.
• Kugwirizana: Intaneti ya Zinthu siili paliponse, nthawi zonse, ili ndi ulendo wautali woti ipite, koma pali zinthu zambiri za "smokestack" pamsika wa iot pakali pano.
• Ndalama Zoyikira: Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amakampani ndi ogula amaona kuyika mayankho a iot ngati imodzi mwazovuta zazikulu zogulira. Izi zikugwirizana ndi vuto lakale, kuyanjana, komwe kumawonjezera zovuta zoyikira.
• Chitetezo cha pa Intaneti: Maboma ambiri, mabizinesi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito akuyang'ana kwambiri chitetezo cha intaneti ya Zinthu, ndipo mfundo za intaneti ya Zinthu padziko lonse lapansi zimapereka mwayi wochulukirapo kwa akuba.
• Zachinsinsi pa Deta: Chifukwa cha kulimbitsa malamulo oteteza deta m'maiko osiyanasiyana, zachinsinsi zakhala nkhani yaikulu kwa mabizinesi ambiri ndi ogula.

Polimbana ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndi mphepo yamkuntho, McKinsey imapereka njira zisanu ndi ziwiri zoyendetsera bwino mapulojekiti akuluakulu a iot:

1. Fotokozani unyolo wopanga zisankho ndi opanga zisankho pa mapulojekiti a Internet of Things. Pakadali pano, mabizinesi ambiri alibe opanga zisankho omveka bwino pa mapulojekiti a iot, ndipo mphamvu zopangira zisankho zimafalikira m'magawo osiyanasiyana ndi m'madipatimenti abizinesi. Opanga zisankho omveka bwino ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti mapulojekiti a iot apambane.
2. Ganizirani za kukula kuyambira pachiyambi. Nthawi zambiri, makampani amakopeka ndi ukadaulo watsopano ndipo amaganizira kwambiri za kuyendetsa, zomwe zimathera mu "purigatori yoyendetsa" ya kuyendetsa kosalekeza.
3. Khalani olimba mtima kuti mulowe mu masewerawa. Popanda njira yabwino - kutanthauza kuti, palibe ukadaulo umodzi kapena njira yomwe ingakhale yosokoneza - kugwiritsa ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito mayankho angapo a iot nthawi imodzi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukakamiza makampani kusintha mitundu yawo yamabizinesi ndi ntchito kuti apeze phindu lalikulu.
4. Ikani ndalama mu luso laukadaulo. Chinsinsi chothetsera kusowa kwa luso laukadaulo pa intaneti ya Zinthu si anthu ofuna ntchito, koma olemba anthu ntchito omwe amalankhula chilankhulo chaukadaulo komanso ali ndi luso laukadaulo la bizinesi. Ngakhale mainjiniya a data ndi asayansi akuluakulu ndi ofunikira, kupita patsogolo kwa luso la bungwe kumadalira kupitilizabe kusintha kwa chidziwitso cha deta m'mabungwe onse.
5. Konzaninso machitidwe ndi njira zazikulu zamabizinesi. Kukhazikitsa mapulojekiti a Internet of Things sikungokhudza madipatimenti a IT okha. Ukadaulo wokha sungatsegule mwayi ndikupanga phindu la Internet of Things. Kusintha kwa digito kungakhale ndi zotsatira pokhapokha ngati mutasinthanso njira yogwirira ntchito ndi njira zamabizinesi.
6. Limbikitsani kuyanjana. Malo omwe alipo pakali pano a iot, omwe akulamulidwa ndi malo ogawanika, odzipereka, oyendetsedwa ndi vlocation, amachepetsa mphamvu ya iot yokulitsa ndi kuphatikizana, amalepheretsa kuyika kwa iot ndikukweza ndalama. Ogwiritsa ntchito mabizinesi angagwiritse ntchito kuyanjana ngati muyezo wogulira kuti alimbikitse kulumikizana kwa machitidwe a iot ndi mapulatifomu pamlingo wina. Limbikitsani kuyanjana. Malo omwe alipo a iot, omwe akulamulidwa ndi malo ogawanika, odzipereka, oyendetsedwa ndi vlocation, amachepetsa mphamvu ya iot yokulitsa ndi kuphatikizana, amalepheretsa kuyika kwa iot ndikukweza ndalama. Ogwiritsa ntchito mabizinesi angagwiritse ntchito kuyanjana ngati muyezo wogulira kuti alimbikitse kulumikizana kwa machitidwe a iot ndi mapulatifomu pamlingo wina.
7. Kupanga malo amakampani mwachangu. Mabizinesi ayenera kuyesetsa kupanga zachilengedwe zawozawo. Mwachitsanzo, tiyenera kuyika patsogolo chitetezo cha netiweki kuyambira tsiku loyamba, kusankha ogulitsa odalirika, ndikupanga njira yowongolera zoopsa zachitetezo cha netiweki kuchokera mbali ziwiri za mayankho aukadaulo ndi kayendetsedwe ka makampani kuti tiwonetsetse chitetezo cha intaneti kuyambira kumapeto mpaka kumapeto.

Ponseponse, McKinsey akukhulupirira kuti intaneti ya Zinthu, ngakhale ikukula pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe amayembekezera, idzapangabe phindu lalikulu pazachuma komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Zinthu zomwe zimachedwetsa ndikulepheretsa chitukuko cha intaneti ya Zinthu si ukadaulo wokha kapena kusowa chidaliro, koma mavuto ogwirira ntchito komanso zachilengedwe. Kaya gawo lotsatira la chitukuko cha iot lingapitirire patsogolo monga momwe zakonzedwera zimadalira momwe mabizinesi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito iot amathetsera mavutowa.