Mkonzi: Ulink Media
Mu theka lachiwiri la chaka cha 2021, kampani yoyambira mlengalenga yaku Britain ya SpaceLacuna idagwiritsa ntchito koyamba telesikopu ya wailesi ku Dwingeloo, Netherlands, kuti iwonetse LoRa kuchokera ku mwezi. Imeneyi inali kuyesera kodabwitsa pankhani ya mtundu wa kujambula deta, chifukwa imodzi mwa mauthengawo inali ndi chimango chonse cha LoRaWAN®.
Lacuna Speed imagwiritsa ntchito ma satellite ozungulira dziko lapansi kuti ilandire chidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa olumikizidwa ndi zida za Semtech za LoRa komanso ukadaulo wa wailesi womwe umachokera pansi. Satelliteyi imauluka pamwamba pa mizati ya dziko lapansi mphindi 100 zilizonse pamtunda wa makilomita 500. Pamene dziko lapansi likuzungulira, ma satellite amaphimba dziko lonse lapansi. LoRaWAN imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma satellite, zomwe zimasunga moyo wa batri, ndipo mauthenga amasungidwa kwa kanthawi kochepa mpaka atadutsa pa netiweki ya malo oyambira pansi. Detayo imatumizidwa ku pulogalamu pa netiweki ya dziko lapansi kapena ikhoza kuwonedwa pa pulogalamu yochokera pa intaneti.
Nthawi ino, chizindikiro cha LoRa chomwe chinatumizidwa ndi lacuna Speed chinatenga masekondi 2.44 ndipo chinalandiridwa ndi chip chomwecho, chokhala ndi mtunda wofalikira wa makilomita pafupifupi 730,360, womwe ukhoza kukhala mtunda wautali kwambiri womwe LoRa imatumiza uthenga mpaka pano.
Ponena za kulumikizana kwa satelayiti ndi nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa LoRa, chochitika chachikulu chinakwaniritsidwa pa msonkhano wa TTN (TheThings Network) mu February 2018, zomwe zinatsimikizira kuthekera kwa LoRa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti ya zinthu za satelayiti. Pa chiwonetsero chamoyo, wolandilayo adatenga zizindikiro za LoRa kuchokera ku satelayiti yozungulira pang'ono.
Masiku ano, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa IoT wa mphamvu zochepa monga LoRa kapena NB-IoT kuti upereke kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa zida za IoT ndi ma satellite omwe ali mumlengalenga padziko lonse lapansi kungaganizidwe kuti ndi gawo la msika wa WAN wa mphamvu zochepa. Maukadaulo awa ndi ntchito yosangalatsa mpaka phindu lawo lamalonda litalandiridwa kwambiri.
Semtech yakhazikitsa LR-FHSS kuti idzaze kusiyana kwa msika mu kulumikizana kwa IoT
Semtech wakhala akugwira ntchito pa LR-FHSS kwa zaka zingapo zapitazi ndipo adalengeza mwalamulo kuwonjezera thandizo la LR-FHSS ku nsanja ya LoRa kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2021.
LR-FHSS imatchedwa LongRange - Frequency Hopping SpreadSpectrum. Monga LoRa, ndi ukadaulo wosintha mawonekedwe a physical layer womwe uli ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana ndi a LoRa, monga kukhudzika, kuthandizira bandwidth, ndi zina zotero.
LR-FHSS ili ndi mphamvu zothandizira mamiliyoni ambiri a ma node otsiriza, zomwe zimawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu ya netiweki ndikuthetsa vuto la kutsekeka kwa njira zomwe kale zinkalepheretsa kukula kwa LoRaWAN. Kuphatikiza apo, LR-FHSS ili ndi anti-interference yayikulu, imachepetsa kugundana kwa mapaketi mwa kukonza magwiridwe antchito a spectral, komanso ili ndi mphamvu yosinthira ma frequency hopping.
Ndi kuphatikiza kwa LR-FHSS, LoRa ndi yoyenera kwambiri pa mapulogalamu okhala ndi malo okhuthala komanso mapaketi akuluakulu a data. Chifukwa chake, pulogalamu ya satellite ya LoRa yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika a LR-FHSS ili ndi zabwino zambiri:
1. Imatha kupeza mphamvu ya terminal yowirikiza kakhumi kuposa netiweki ya LoRa.
2. Mtunda wa magiya ndi wautali, mpaka 600-1600km;
3. Kuletsa kusokoneza kwamphamvu;
4. Ndalama zochepa zapezeka, kuphatikizapo ndalama zoyendetsera ndi kutumiza (palibe zida zina zomwe ziyenera kupangidwa ndipo pali njira zake zolumikizirana ndi satellite).
Ma transceivers a Semtech a LoRaSX1261, SX1262 ndi nsanja za LoRaEdgeTM, komanso kapangidwe ka V2.1 gateway, akuthandizidwa kale ndi lr-fhss. Chifukwa chake, mu ntchito zothandiza, kukweza mapulogalamu ndi kusintha kwa terminal ya LoRa ndi gateway kungayambitse kaye mphamvu ya netiweki komanso kuthekera koletsa kusokoneza. Pa ma netiweki a LoRaWAN komwe gateway ya V2.1 yayikidwa, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuyambitsa ntchito yatsopanoyi kudzera mukusintha kosavuta kwa firmware ya gateway.
LR Yogwirizana - FHSS
LoRa Ikupitiliza Kukulitsa Pulogalamu Yake ya Mapulogalamu
BergInsight, bungwe lofufuza za msika la Internet of Things, latulutsa lipoti lofufuza za satellite iot. Deta yasonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti COVID-19 yakhudza kwambiri, chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito satellite iot padziko lonse lapansi chinakulabe kufika pa 3.4 miliyoni mu 2020. Ogwiritsa ntchito satellite iot padziko lonse lapansi akuyembekezeka kukula ndi 35.8% m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, kufika pa 15.7 miliyoni mu 2025.
Pakadali pano, 10% yokha ya madera padziko lonse lapansi ndi omwe ali ndi mwayi wopeza mautumiki olumikizirana ndi ma satellite, zomwe zimapereka malo ambiri pamsika wopanga ma satellite iot komanso mwayi wopeza ma satellite iot okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa.
LR-FHSS idzathandizanso kufalitsa LoRa padziko lonse lapansi. Kuwonjezera kwa CHITHANDIZO cha LR-FHSS ku nsanja ya LoRa sikungothandiza kokha kupereka kulumikizana kotsika mtengo komanso kofala kumadera akutali, komanso kusonyeza sitepe yofunika kwambiri yopezera ma iot ambiri m'madera okhala anthu ambiri. Idzalimbikitsanso kufalitsa kwa LoRa padziko lonse lapansi ndikukulitsa mapulogalamu atsopano:
-
Thandizani Ntchito za Satellite Iot
LR-FHSS imalola ma satellite kulumikizana ndi madera akutali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuthandizira zosowa za malo ndi kutumiza deta m'madera omwe alibe netiweki. Milandu yogwiritsira ntchito LoRa ikuphatikizapo kutsatira nyama zakuthengo, kupeza ziwiya m'zombo panyanja, kupeza ziweto m'malo odyetserako ziweto, njira zanzeru zaulimi kuti ziwonjeze zokolola, komanso kutsatira katundu wogawa padziko lonse lapansi kuti awonjezere magwiridwe antchito a unyolo woperekera zinthu.
-
Thandizo la Kusinthana kwa Deta Kawirikawiri
Mu ntchito za LoRa zam'mbuyomu, monga kutsata zinthu ndi katundu, nyumba ndi mapaki anzeru, nyumba zanzeru, ndi madera anzeru, chiwerengero cha ma semaphore osinthidwa a LoRa mumlengalenga chidzawonjezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha zizindikiro zazitali komanso kusinthana kwa zizindikiro pafupipafupi mu ntchitozi. Vuto lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kuchulukira kwa njira ndi chitukuko cha LoRaWAN lingathenso kuthetsedwa mwa kusintha malo ofikira a LoRa ndikusintha zipata.
-
Wonjezerani Kuzama kwa M'nyumba
Kuwonjezera pa kukulitsa mphamvu ya netiweki, LR-FHSS imalola ma node akuya mkati mwa zomangamanga zomwezo za netiweki, zomwe zimawonjezera kukula kwa mapulojekiti akuluakulu a iot. Mwachitsanzo, LoRa ndi ukadaulo wosankhidwa pamsika wapadziko lonse wa smart meter, ndipo kufalikira kwamkati kowonjezereka kudzalimbitsa malo ake.
Osewera Ambiri mu Intaneti ya Zinthu Zotsika Mphamvu ya Satellite
Mapulojekiti a Satellite a LoRa a Kunja Akupitilira Kuwonekera
McKinsey waneneratu kuti iot yochokera mumlengalenga ikhoza kukhala yamtengo wapatali $560 biliyoni mpaka $850 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2025, zomwe mwina ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe makampani ambiri akuthamangira msika. Pakadali pano, opanga pafupifupi makumi ambiri apereka mapulani olumikizirana ndi iot ya satellite.
Kuchokera ku msika wakunja, satellite iot ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zatsopano pamsika wa iot. LoRa, monga gawo la intaneti ya zinthu ya satellite yamphamvu yochepa, yawona ntchito zingapo m'misika yakunja:
Mu 2019, Space Lacuna ndi Miromico anayamba kuyesa malonda a pulojekiti ya LoRa Satellite iot, yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino paulimi, kuyang'anira zachilengedwe kapena kutsatira katundu chaka chotsatira. Pogwiritsa ntchito LoRaWAN, zida za iot zoyendetsedwa ndi mabatire zimatha kukulitsa moyo wawo wautumiki ndikusunga ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza.
IRNAS idagwirizana ndi Space Lacuna kuti ifufuze momwe ukadaulo wa LoRaWAN umagwiritsidwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo kutsatira nyama zakuthengo ku Antarctica ndi ma buoy pogwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya LoRaWAN kuti ipereke ma netiweki ambiri a masensa m'malo a Marine kuti athandizire ntchito zomangira ndi kukwera bwato.
Swarm (yomwe idagulidwa ndi Space X) yaphatikiza zida za Semtech za LoRa mu njira zake zolumikizirana kuti zitheke kulumikizana pakati pa ma satellites otsika a Earth orbit. Yatsegula njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito intaneti ya zinthu (IoT) ku Swarm m'magawo monga zoyendera, ulimi, magalimoto olumikizidwa ndi mphamvu.
Inmarsat yagwirizana ndi Actibility kuti ipange netiweki ya Inmarsat LoRaWAN, nsanja yozikidwa pa netiweki ya Inmarsat ELERA yomwe ipereka mayankho ambiri kwa makasitomala a iot m'magawo kuphatikiza ulimi, magetsi, mafuta ndi gasi, migodi ndi zoyendera.
Pomaliza pake
Msika wonse wakunja, palibe mapulogalamu ambiri okhwima a pulojekitiyi. Omnispace, EchoStarMobile, Lunark ndi ena ambiri akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya LoRaWAN kuti ipereke ntchito za iot pamtengo wotsika, wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kufalikira kwakukulu.
Ngakhale ukadaulo wa LoRa ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kudzaza mipata m'madera akumidzi ndi m'nyanja zomwe sizili ndi intaneti yachikhalidwe, ndi njira yabwino yothanirana ndi "intaneti ya chilichonse."
Komabe, poganizira za msika wamkati, chitukuko cha LoRa pankhaniyi chidakali chaching'ono. Poyerekeza ndi mayiko akunja, chikukumana ndi zovuta zambiri: kumbali yofunikira, kufalikira kwa netiweki ya inmarsat kuli kale bwino kwambiri ndipo deta imatha kutumizidwa mbali zonse ziwiri, kotero sichili champhamvu; Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito, China ikadali yochepa, makamaka ikuyang'ana kwambiri mapulojekiti a makontena. Poganizira zifukwa zomwe zili pamwambapa, n'zovuta kuti mabizinesi am'deralo a satellite alimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito LR-FHSS. Ponena za ndalama, mapulojekiti amtunduwu amadalira kwambiri ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa chifukwa cha kusatsimikizika kwakukulu, mapulojekiti akuluakulu kapena ang'onoang'ono komanso nthawi yayitali.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-18-2022