Mpikisano wa World Cup uno, "woweruza wanzeru" ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri. SAOT imaphatikiza deta ya bwalo lamasewera, malamulo amasewera ndi luso lochita zinthu mwanzeru kuti ipange zigamulo mwachangu komanso molondola pazochitika za offside.
Ngakhale kuti mafani ambirimbiri ankasangalala kapena kudandaula ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa makanema ojambula a 3-D, maganizo anga anatsatira zingwe za netiweki ndi ulusi wa kuwala kumbuyo kwa TV mpaka netiweki yolumikizirana.
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mafani akuwona bwino komanso momveka bwino, kusintha kwanzeru kofanana ndi SAOT kukuchitikanso mu netiweki yolumikizirana.
Mu 2025, L4 idzakwaniritsidwa
Lamulo la offside ndi lovuta, ndipo n'kovuta kwambiri kuti woweruza apange chisankho cholondola mumphindi yochepa poganizira zovuta komanso zosintha za m'bwalo. Chifukwa chake, zisankho zotsutsana za offside nthawi zambiri zimawonekera m'masewera a mpira.
Mofananamo, maukonde olumikizirana ndi njira zovuta kwambiri, ndipo kudalira njira za anthu kuti afufuze, aweruze, akonze, ndikukonza maukonde m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi kumafuna zinthu zambiri komanso kulakwitsa kwa anthu.
Chovuta kwambiri n'chakuti mu nthawi ya zachuma za digito, pamene netiweki yolumikizirana yakhala maziko a kusintha kwa digito kwa mizere ndi mabizinesi ambirimbiri, zosowa za bizinesi zakhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zosinthika, ndipo kukhazikika, kudalirika ndi kusinthasintha kwa netiweki kumafunika kukhala kwakukulu, ndipo njira yachikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito ya anthu ndi kukonza ndi yovuta kwambiri kuisamalira.
Kulakwitsa poweruza mbali imodzi kungakhudze zotsatira za masewera onse, koma pa netiweki yolumikizirana, "kulakwitsa poweruza" kungapangitse wogwiritsa ntchito kutaya mwayi wamsika womwe ukusintha mwachangu, kukakamiza kupanga mabizinesi kusokonezedwa, komanso kukhudza njira yonse yopititsira patsogolo chitukuko cha anthu ndi zachuma.
Palibe chosankha. Netiweki iyenera kukhala yodziyimira yokha komanso yanzeru. Pachifukwa ichi, oyendetsa otsogola padziko lonse lapansi akhala akuimba lipenga la netiweki yodziyimira payokha. Malinga ndi lipoti la magawo atatu, 91% ya oyendetsa padziko lonse lapansi aphatikiza ma netiweki odziyimira payokha pakukonzekera kwawo kwanzeru, ndipo oyendetsa opitilira 10 alengeza cholinga chawo chokwaniritsa L4 pofika chaka cha 2025.
Pakati pawo, China Mobile ili patsogolo pa kusinthaku. Mu 2021, China Mobile idatulutsa pepala loyera lonena za netiweki yodzidalira, ikupereka lingaliro loyamba mumakampani kuti akwaniritse cholinga chofikira netiweki yodzidalira ya L4 mu 2025, ikupereka lingaliro lomanga luso logwira ntchito ndi kukonza netiweki ya "kudzikonza, kudzikonza ndi kudzikonza" mkati, ndikupanga chidziwitso cha makasitomala cha "kudikira kosalekeza, kulephera konse komanso kulumikizana kopanda kulumikizana" kunja.
Kudzidalira pa intaneti kofanana ndi “Smart Referee”
SAOT imapangidwa ndi makamera, masensa a mu mpira ndi makina a AI. Makamera ndi masensa omwe ali mkati mwa mpira amasonkhanitsa deta yonse, nthawi yeniyeni, pomwe makina a AI amasanthula detayo nthawi yeniyeni ndikuwerengera molondola malo. Makina a AI amalowetsanso malamulo a masewerawa kuti azitha kuyimba ma offside okha motsatira malamulo.
Pali kufanana pakati pa kudzipangira wekha kwa ma network ndi kukhazikitsa SAOT:
Choyamba, netiweki ndi kuzindikira ziyenera kuphatikizidwa kwambiri kuti zisonkhanitse zinthu zonse za netiweki nthawi yeniyeni, kasinthidwe, momwe ntchito ikuyendera, zolakwika, zolemba ndi zina zambiri kuti zipereke deta yochuluka yophunzitsira ndi kulingalira za AI. Izi zikugwirizana ndi SAOT yosonkhanitsa deta kuchokera ku makamera ndi masensa omwe ali mkati mwa mpira.
Kachiwiri, ndikofunikira kuyika chidziwitso chambiri pamanja pakuchotsa zopinga ndi kukonza, mabuku ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukonza, mafotokozedwe ndi zina zambiri mu dongosolo la AI mwanjira yogwirizana kuti mumalize kusanthula kokha, kupanga zisankho ndikuchita. Zili ngati SAOT kupatsa lamulo la offside mu dongosolo la AI.
Komanso, popeza netiweki yolumikizirana imapangidwa ndi ma domain angapo, mwachitsanzo, kutsegula, kuletsa ndi kukonza bwino ntchito iliyonse yam'manja kumatha kuchitika kokha kudzera mu mgwirizano wa ma subdomain angapo monga netiweki yopanda zingwe, netiweki yotumizira mauthenga ndi netiweki yayikulu, ndipo nzeru za netiweki zimafunikanso "mgwirizano wa ma domain ambiri". Izi zikufanana ndi mfundo yakuti SAOT imafunika kusonkhanitsa deta ya makanema ndi masensa kuchokera m'magawo osiyanasiyana kuti ipange zisankho zolondola.
Komabe, netiweki yolumikizirana ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira pabwalo la mpira, ndipo zochitika za bizinesi si "chilango chimodzi cha offside", koma ndi zosiyana kwambiri komanso zosinthasintha. Kuwonjezera pa kufanana katatu komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pamene netiweki ikupita ku nzeru zapamwamba zodziyimira pawokha:
Choyamba, zipangizo za mtambo, netiweki, ndi NE ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi AI. Mtambo umasonkhanitsa deta yambiri m'dera lonselo, nthawi zonse umachita maphunziro a AI ndi kupanga zitsanzo, ndipo umapereka zitsanzo za AI ku netiweki ndi zipangizo za NE; Netiweki ili ndi luso lophunzitsira komanso kulingalira bwino, lomwe lingathe kuchita automation yotsekedwa mu domain imodzi. Nes imatha kusanthula ndikupanga zisankho pafupi ndi magwero a deta, kuonetsetsa kuti mavuto akuchitika nthawi yeniyeni komanso kukonza ntchito.
Chachiwiri, miyezo yogwirizana ndi mgwirizano wa mafakitale. Network yodzidalira ndi njira yovuta yopangira makina, yomwe imaphatikizapo zida zambiri, kasamalidwe ka netiweki ndi mapulogalamu, ndi ogulitsa ambiri, ndipo n'kovuta kulumikiza ma docking, kulumikizana kwa madera osiyanasiyana ndi mavuto ena. Pakadali pano, mabungwe ambiri, monga TM Forum, 3GPP, ITU ndi CCSA, akulimbikitsa miyezo yodzidalira ya netiweki, ndipo pali vuto linalake logawikana popanga miyezo. Ndikofunikiranso kuti mafakitale agwire ntchito limodzi kuti akhazikitse miyezo yogwirizana komanso yotseguka monga zomangamanga, mawonekedwe ndi njira yowunikira.
Chachitatu, kusintha kwa luso. Network yodzidalira si kusintha kwa ukadaulo kokha, komanso kusintha kwa luso, chikhalidwe ndi kapangidwe ka bungwe, komwe kumafuna kuti ntchito yogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza isinthidwe kuchoka pa "network cented" kupita pa "business cented", ogwira ntchito ndi kukonza kuti asinthe kuchoka pa hardware culture kupita pa software culture, komanso kuchoka pa ntchito yobwerezabwereza kupita pa ntchito yolenga.
L3 ili panjira
Kodi netiweki ya Autointelligence ili kuti masiku ano? Kodi tili pafupi bwanji ndi L4? Yankho lingapezeke m'mabwalo atatu olandirira ndege omwe adayambitsidwa ndi Lu Hongju, purezidenti wa Huawei Public Development, mu nkhani yake pa Msonkhano wa China Mobile Global Partner Conference 2022.
Akatswiri okonza maukonde onse amadziwa kuti netiweki yonse yapakhomo ndiye vuto lalikulu pa ntchito yokonza ndi kukonza ya wogwiritsa ntchito, mwina palibe amene angatero. Imakhala ndi netiweki yapakhomo, netiweki ya ODN, netiweki yonyamula ndi ma domain ena. Netiwekiyo ndi yovuta, ndipo pali zida zambiri zopanda pake. Nthawi zonse pamakhala mavuto monga kuzindikira kwa ntchito mosasamala, kuyankha pang'onopang'ono, komanso kuthetsa mavuto ovuta.
Poganizira mavuto amenewa, China Mobile yagwirizana ndi Huawei ku Henan, Guangdong, Zhejiang ndi madera ena. Ponena za kukonza ntchito za intaneti, kutengera mgwirizano wa zida zanzeru ndi malo abwino, yapeza malingaliro olondola a ogwiritsa ntchito komanso malo olondola a mavuto oipa. Kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito abwino kwawonjezeka kufika pa 83%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malonda a FTTR, Gigabit ndi mabizinesi ena kwawonjezeka kuchoka pa 3% kufika pa 10%. Ponena za kuchotsa zopinga za netiweki ya optical, kuzindikira mwanzeru zoopsa zobisika m'njira yomweyo kumachitika pochotsa chidziwitso chapadera cha ulusi wa optical ndi chitsanzo cha AI, ndi kulondola kwa 97%.
Pankhani ya chitukuko chobiriwira komanso chogwira ntchito bwino, kusunga mphamvu pa netiweki ndiye njira yayikulu yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito pano amagwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka netiweki yopanda zingwe, kuphatikizika ndi kuphimba kwa ma band ambiri komanso ma multi-standard, bizinesi ya ma cell m'malo osiyanasiyana imasintha kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Chifukwa chake, sizingatheke kudalira njira yopangira kuti muchepetse mphamvu molondola.
Poyang'anizana ndi zovuta, magulu awiriwa adagwira ntchito limodzi ku Anhui, Yunnan, Henan ndi madera ena pa network management layer ndi network element layer kuti achepetse mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa siteshoni imodzi ndi 10% popanda kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a network ndi zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito akukumana nazo. Network management layer imapanga ndikupereka njira zosungira mphamvu kutengera deta yamitundu yambiri ya network yonse. NE layer imazindikira ndi kulosera kusintha kwa bizinesi mu cell nthawi yeniyeni, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito molondola njira zosungira mphamvu monga kutseka kwa chonyamulira ndi chizindikiro.
Sikovuta kuona kuchokera pamilandu yomwe ili pamwambapa kuti, monga "woweruza wanzeru" pamasewera a mpira, netiweki yolumikizirana pang'onopang'ono ikupeza nzeru zochokera pazochitika zinazake ndi dera lodziyimira palokha kudzera mu "kulumikizana kwa malingaliro", "ubongo wa AI" ndi "mgwirizano wamitundu yambiri", kotero kuti njira yopita ku chidziwitso chapamwamba cha netiwekiyo ikuwonekera bwino kwambiri.
Malinga ndi TM Forum, ma network anzeru a L3 "amatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa chilengedwe nthawi yeniyeni ndikudziwongolera okha ndikuzisintha mkati mwa ma network apadera," pomwe L4 "imathandizira kuyang'anira kolosera kapena kogwira ntchito kwa ma network oyendetsedwa ndi makasitomala m'malo ovuta kwambiri m'magawo angapo a ma network." Mwachiwonekere, ma network anzeru a autointelligent akuyandikira kapena kukwaniritsa mulingo wa L3 pakadali pano.
Mawilo onse atatu anali kupita ku L4
Ndiye tingatani kuti tifulumizitse netiweki yanzeru yokha ku L4? Lu Hongjiu adati Huawei ikuthandiza China Mobile kukwaniritsa cholinga chake cha L4 pofika chaka cha 2025 kudzera mu njira zitatu zodziyimira pawokha pa domain imodzi, mgwirizano pakati pa domain ndi mgwirizano wa mafakitale.
Pankhani ya kudziyimira pawokha kwa domain imodzi, choyamba, zida za NE zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuzindikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta. Kumbali imodzi, ukadaulo watsopano monga optical iris ndi zida zowunikira nthawi yeniyeni zimayambitsidwa kuti zizindikire zinthu mopanda mphamvu komanso mopanda mphamvu. Kumbali ina, ukadaulo wa makompyuta otsika mphamvu ndi makompyuta oyenda pansi umagwirizanitsidwa kuti ukwaniritse zida zanzeru za NE.
Kachiwiri, gawo lowongolera maukonde ndi ubongo wa AI likhoza kusakanikirana ndi zida zanzeru za netiweki kuti zizindikire momwe zinthu zilili, kusanthula, kupanga zisankho ndi kuchita, kuti zizindikire momwe zinthu zilili zodziyimira pawokha, kudzikonza komanso kudzikonza bwino zomwe zimayang'ana pa ntchito ya netiweki, kusamalira zolakwika ndi kukonza maukonde mu gawo limodzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, gawo loyang'anira maukonde limapereka mawonekedwe otseguka olowera kumpoto kupita ku gawo lapamwamba loyang'anira mautumiki kuti athandize mgwirizano wa madera osiyanasiyana komanso chitetezo chautumiki.
Ponena za mgwirizano pakati pa madera osiyanasiyana, Huawei ikugogomezera kukwaniritsidwa kwathunthu kwa kusintha kwa nsanja, kukonza njira zamabizinesi ndi kusintha kwa antchito.
Nsanjayi yasintha kuchoka pa njira yothandizira anthu osuta fodya kupita pa nsanja yodzidalira yokha yophatikiza deta yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi chidziwitso cha akatswiri. Njira zamabizinesi kuyambira zakale kupita pa netiweki, njira yoyendetsera ntchito, kupita ku kusintha kosakhudzana ndi anthu; Ponena za kusintha kwa ogwira ntchito, pomanga njira yopangira ma code otsika komanso kuyika ma atomu a mphamvu zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza ndi mphamvu za netiweki, malire a kusintha kwa ogwira ntchito a CT kukhala luntha la digito adachepetsedwa, ndipo gulu loyendetsa ntchito ndi kukonza linathandizidwa kusintha kukhala maluso a DICT.
Kuphatikiza apo, Huawei ikulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa mabungwe ambiri kuti akwaniritse miyezo yogwirizana ya kapangidwe ka maukonde anzeru, mawonekedwe, magulu, kuwunika ndi zina. Kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha zachilengedwe zamafakitale mwa kugawana zokumana nazo zothandiza, kulimbikitsa kuwunika kwa magawo atatu ndi satifiketi, ndikumanga nsanja zamafakitale; Ndikugwirizana ndi China Mobile smart operation and maintenance sub-chain kuti athetse ndikuthana ndi ukadaulo wa mizu pamodzi kuti atsimikizire kuti ukadaulo wa mizu ndi wodziyimira pawokha komanso wowongoleredwa.
Malinga ndi mfundo zazikulu za netiweki yodzidalira yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, malinga ndi maganizo a wolembayo, "troika" ya Huawei ili ndi kapangidwe kake, ukadaulo, mgwirizano, miyezo, maluso, kufalikira kwathunthu komanso mphamvu yeniyeni, zomwe ndizofunikira kuziyembekezera.
Netiweki yodzidalira ndiyo cholinga chabwino kwambiri cha makampani olankhulana, yomwe imadziwika kuti "ndakatulo ndi mtunda wa makampani olankhulana". Yatchulidwanso kuti "msewu wautali" komanso "wodzaza ndi mavuto" chifukwa cha netiweki yayikulu komanso yovuta yolankhulana komanso bizinesi. Koma poganizira milandu iyi komanso luso la gulu lankhondo la troika lolipirira, titha kuwona kuti ndakatulo sizikunyadanso, komanso sizili kutali kwambiri. Ndi khama logwirizana la makampani olankhulana, likudzaza kwambiri ndi zozimitsa moto.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-19-2022