Kodi Nyumba Yanu Yanzeru Ndi Yeniweni Kapena Yabodza?

Kuchokera ku zipangizo zamakono zapakhomo mpaka ku nyumba yanzeru, kuyambira nzeru za chinthu chimodzi mpaka nzeru zapakhomo, makampani opanga zida zapakhomo pang'onopang'ono alowa mu njira yanzeru. Kufuna kwa ogula nzeru sikulinso njira yanzeru yolamulira kudzera mu APP kapena sipika pambuyo poti chipangizo chimodzi chapakhomo chalumikizidwa ku intaneti, koma chiyembekezo chochulukirapo cha chidziwitso chanzeru chogwira ntchito m'malo olumikizirana a malo onse apakhomo ndi okhalamo. Koma cholepheretsa zachilengedwe ku ma protocol ambiri ndi kusiyana kosatha pakulumikizana:

· Makampani opanga zida zapakhomo/zopangira zinthu zapakhomo ayenera kupanga njira zosiyanasiyana zogulira zinthu zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogulira zinthu ndi ma platforms a mitambo, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo kawiri.

· Ogwiritsa ntchito sangasankhe pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe;

· Mapeto a malonda sangapatse ogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro olondola komanso aukadaulo ogwirizana;

· Vuto la chilengedwe cha nyumba zanzeru pambuyo pogulitsa silili pagulu la zipangizo zapakhomo pambuyo pogulitsa, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri ntchito ndi momwe ogwiritsa ntchito amamvera……

Momwe mungathetsere vuto la zinyalala zopanda zilumba komanso kulumikizana m'malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi nyumba zanzeru ndiye vuto lalikulu lomwe liyenera kuthetsedwa mwachangu m'nyumba zanzeru.

Deta ikuwonetsa kuti vuto la zinthu zanzeru zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba zanzeru ndi "mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida sizingathe kulankhulana" lili pamalo oyamba ndi 44%, ndipo kulumikizana kwakhala chiyembekezo chachikulu cha ogwiritsa ntchito pa nyumba zanzeru.

Kubadwa kwa Matter kwabwezeretsa chikhumbo choyambirira cha intaneti cha chilichonse chomwe chikuchitika mu kufalikira kwa nzeru. Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa Matter1.0, nyumba yanzeru yapanga muyezo wogwirizana pa kulumikizana, womwe watenga gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa kulumikizana kwa intaneti ya Zinthu.

Phindu lalikulu la nzeru za nyumba yonse pansi pa dongosolo lanzeru la nyumba limawonekera mu luso lotha kuzindikira, kupanga zisankho, kulamulira ndi kupereka mayankho. Kudzera mu kuphunzira kosalekeza kwa zizolowezi za ogwiritsa ntchito komanso kusintha kosalekeza kwa luso lautumiki, chidziwitso chopanga zisankho chomwe chikugwirizana ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito chimaperekedwa ku terminal iliyonse kuti amalize kuzungulira kwautumiki wodziyimira pawokha.

Tikusangalala kuona Matter ikupereka njira yolumikizirana yogwirizana ndi IP monga muyezo watsopano wolumikizirana wa nyumba yanzeru pa pulogalamu yodziwika bwino. Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth Low Energy, Thread, ndi ma protocol ena ambiri amabweretsa mphamvu zawo kukhala zokumana nazo bwino munjira yogawana komanso yotseguka. Mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi zida ziti za protocol iot zomwe zikugwira ntchito, Matter imatha kuziphatikiza kukhala chilankhulo chofala chomwe chingalumikizane ndi ma node otsiriza kudzera mu pulogalamu imodzi.

Kutengera ndi Matter, mwachibadwa timaona kuti ogula safunika kuda nkhawa ndi kusintha kwa ziwiya zosiyanasiyana zapakhomo, safunika kugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro la "pansi pa chess yonse" pokonza zida zapakhomo asanayike, kuti akwaniritse kusankha kosavuta kogwiritsa ntchito. Makampani azitha kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga zinthu ndi zatsopano m'nthaka yolumikizirana, kuthetsa masiku omwe opanga mapulogalamu adayenera kupanga gawo losiyana la pulogalamu iliyonse ndikuwonjezera gawo lowonjezera/losinthira kuti amange ma netiweki anzeru osinthidwa ndi protocol.

Kubwera kwa protocol ya Matter kwaswa zopinga pakati pa ma protocol olumikizirana, ndikulimbikitsa opanga zida zanzeru kuti azithandizira zachilengedwe zambiri pamtengo wotsika kwambiri kuchokera pamlingo wa ecosystem, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azitha kuwona nyumba zanzeru kukhala zachilengedwe komanso zomasuka. Chithunzi chokongola chojambulidwa ndi Matter chikuyamba kukwaniritsidwa, ndipo tikuganizira momwe tingachipangire kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana. Ngati Matter ndiye mlatho wolumikizira nyumba zanzeru, womwe umalumikiza mitundu yonse ya zida za hardware kuti zigwire ntchito mogwirizana ndikukhala anzeru kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti chipangizo chilichonse cha hardware chikhale ndi luso lokweza OTA, kusunga kusintha kwanzeru kwa chipangizocho, ndikuwonjezera kusintha kwanzeru kwa zida zina mu netiweki yonse ya Matter.

Nkhani Yokha Kubwerezabwereza
Dalirani ma OTA kuti mupeze mitundu ina ya mwayi wopeza

Kutulutsidwa kwatsopano kwa Matter1.0 ndi sitepe yoyamba yolumikizirana ndi zinthu. Kuti zinthu zigwirizane, mitundu itatu yokha ya mapangano sikokwanira ndipo imafunika njira zingapo zobwerezabwereza, njira zowonjezera ndi zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zanzeru zapakhomo, komanso mu dongosolo losiyana la zachilengedwe ndi zofunikira pa satifiketi, kukweza kwa OTA ndi chinthu chilichonse chanzeru chapakhomo chiyenera kukhala ndi luso. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi OTA ngati njira yofunika kwambiri pakukulitsa ndi kukonza protocol yotsatira. OTA sikuti imangopatsa zinthu zanzeru zapakhomo kuthekera kosintha ndikusintha, komanso imathandizanso kuti protocol ya Matter isinthe ndikusintha nthawi zonse. Mwa kusintha mtundu wa protocol, OTA imatha kuthandizira kupeza zinthu zambiri zapakhomo ndikupereka chidziwitso chosavuta cholumikizirana komanso mwayi wokhazikika komanso wotetezeka.

Chofunika Kwambiri ndi chakuti Sub-network Service ikufunika kukwezedwa
Kuti Muzindikire Kusintha kwa Zinthu Mogwirizana

Zogulitsa zomwe zimadalira miyezo ya Matter zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri. Chimodzi chimayang'anira kulowa kwa kulumikizana ndi kuwongolera zida, monga APP yam'manja, wokamba nkhani, sikirini yowongolera pakati, ndi zina zotero. Gulu lina ndi zinthu zoyambira, zida zazing'ono, monga ma switch, magetsi, makatani, zida zapakhomo, ndi zina zotero. Mu dongosolo lonse lanzeru la nyumba yanzeru, zida zambiri ndi ma protocol osakhala a IP kapena ma protocol a opanga. Matter protocol imathandizira ntchito yolumikiza zida. Zipangizo zolumikizira ma Matter zimatha kupanga ma protocol osakhala a Matter kapena zida za protocol zapakhomo kuti zigwirizane ndi chilengedwe cha Matter, zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera zida zonse mu dongosolo lonse lanzeru la nyumba popanda kusankhana. Pakadali pano, mitundu 14 yakunyumba yalengeza mwalamulo mgwirizano, ndipo mitundu 53 yamaliza mayeso. Zipangizo zomwe zimathandizira Matter protocol zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu osavuta:

· Chipangizo cha Matter: Chipangizo chovomerezeka chachikale chomwe chimagwirizanitsa protocol ya Matter

· Zipangizo za Matter Bridge: Chipangizo cholumikizira ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwirizana ndi protocol ya Matter. Mu dongosolo la Matter, zida zosakhala za Matter zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma node a "zipangizo zolumikizirana" kuti amalize kujambula pakati pa ma protocol ena (monga Zigbee) ndi protocol ya Matter kudzera muzipangizo zolumikizirana. Kulankhulana ndi zida za Matter mu dongosololi

· Chipangizo cholumikizidwa: Chipangizo chomwe sichigwiritsa ntchito njira ya Matter chimalowa mu dongosolo la Matter kudzera mu chipangizo cholumikizira Matter. Chipangizo cholumikizira chimakhala ndi udindo wokonza netiweki, kulumikizana, ndi ntchito zina.

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zanzeru zapakhomo zitha kuwoneka mumtundu winawake pansi pa ulamuliro wa nyumba yonse yanzeru mtsogolo, koma zivute zitani, ndi kukweza kwa protocol ya Matter komwe kumabwera nthawi yobwerezabwereza, kudzakhala kofunikira kukweza. Zipangizo za Matter ziyenera kuyenderana ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa protocol stack. Pambuyo potulutsa miyezo yotsatira ya Matter, nkhani yolumikiza kugwirizana kwa chipangizo ndi kukweza kwa subnetwork ikhoza kuthetsedwa ndi kukweza kwa OTA, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito sadzafunika kugula chipangizo chatsopano.

Zinthu Zimagwirizanitsa Zachilengedwe Zambiri
Zibweretsa mavuto pakukonza kwa OTA kwa opanga mitundu

Topology ya netiweki ya zida zosiyanasiyana pa LAN yopangidwa ndi protocol ya Matter ndi yosinthasintha. Malingaliro osavuta oyendetsera chipangizo cha mtambo sangakwaniritse topology ya zida zolumikizidwa ndi protocol ya Matter. Malingaliro omwe alipo a iot device management ndikufotokozera mtundu wa chinthu ndi mtundu wa kuthekera pa nsanjayo, kenako netiweki ya chipangizocho ikayatsidwa, imatha kuyendetsedwa ndikuyendetsedwa ndikusungidwa kudzera pa nsanjayo. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe olumikizirana a protocol ya Matter, kumbali imodzi, zida zogwirizana ndi protocol yosakhala ya Matter zitha kulumikizidwa polumikizana. Nsanja ya mtambo singamve kusintha kwa zida za protocol yosakhala ya Matter ndi kasinthidwe ka zochitika zanzeru. Kumbali imodzi, imagwirizana ndi mwayi wopeza chipangizo cha zamoyo zina. Kuyang'anira kwamphamvu pakati pa zida ndi zamoyo komanso kulekanitsa zilolezo za data kudzafuna kapangidwe kovuta kwambiri. Ngati chipangizocho chasinthidwa kapena kuwonjezeredwa mu netiweki ya Matter, kuyanjana kwa protocol ndi chidziwitso cha ogwiritsa ntchito pa netiweki ya Matter kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Opanga mtundu nthawi zambiri amafunika kudziwa mtundu waposachedwa wa protocol ya Matter, zofunikira za ecosystem zomwe zilipo, njira yopezera netiweki yomwe ilipo komanso njira zingapo zosungira pambuyo pogulitsa. Kuti zitsimikizire kuti mapulogalamuwa akugwirizana komanso kuti zinthu zonse zanzeru zikugwirizana, nsanja yoyang'anira mtambo ya OTA ya opanga mitundu iyenera kuganizira mokwanira za kasamalidwe ka mapulogalamu a mitundu ya zipangizo ndi ma protocol ndi dongosolo lonse lautumiki wa moyo wonse. Mwachitsanzo, nsanja yokhazikika ya OTA SaaS ya mtambo ya Elabi ikhoza kufanana bwino ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha Matter.

Matter1.0, yangotulutsidwa kumene, ndipo opanga ambiri ayamba kumene kuiphunzira. Zipangizo zanzeru zapakhomo za Matter zikalowa m'mabanja ambirimbiri, mwina Matter yakhala kale mtundu wa 2.0, mwina ogwiritsa ntchito sakukhutiranso ndi njira yolumikizirana, mwina opanga ambiri alowa nawo gulu la Matter. Matter yalimbikitsa mafunde anzeru ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo cha nyumba yanzeru. Pakusintha kwanzeru kosalekeza kwa nyumba yanzeru, mutu wosatha ndi mwayi m'bwalo la nyumba yanzeru zidzapitirira kufalikira mozungulira anzeru.