5G LAN ndi chiyani?

Wolemba: Ulink Media

Aliyense ayenera kudziwa za 5G, komwe ndi kusinthika kwa 4G ndi ukadaulo wathu waposachedwa kwambiri wolumikizirana ndi mafoni.

Kwa LAN, muyenera kuzidziwa bwino.Dzina lake lonse ndi netiweki yapafupi, kapena LAN.Netiweki yathu yakunyumba, komanso maukonde muofesi yamakampani, kwenikweni ndi LAN.Ndi Wireless Wi-Fi, ndi Wireless LAN (WLAN).

Nanga bwanji ndikunena kuti 5G LAN ndiyosangalatsa?

5G ndi netiweki yotakata, pomwe LAN ndi netiweki yaying'ono ya data.Matekinoloje awiriwa akuwoneka kuti ndi osagwirizana.

Mwanjira ina, 5G ndi LAN ndi mawu awiri omwe aliyense amadziwa padera.Koma palimodzi, ndizosokoneza pang'ono.Sichoncho?

5G LAN, Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?

M'malo mwake, 5G LAN, kunena mophweka, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa 5G "gulu" ndi "kumanga" ma terminals kuti apange network ya LAN.

Aliyense ali ndi foni ya 5G.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mafoni a 5G, kodi mwawona kuti foni yanu simatha kusaka anzanu ngakhale atakhala moyandikana (ngakhale maso ndi maso)?Mutha kulumikizana wina ndi mnzake chifukwa deta imayenda mozungulira mpaka ma seva a chonyamulira chanu kapena wothandizira pa intaneti.

Kwa masiteshoni oyambira, ma terminal onse am'manja amakhala "otalikirana" wina ndi mnzake.Izi zimachokera pamalingaliro achitetezo, mafoni amagwiritsa ntchito njira zawo, samasokonezana.

LAN, kumbali ina, imagwirizanitsa ma terminals (mafoni a m'manja, makompyuta, ndi zina zotero) m'dera limodzi kuti apange "gulu".Izi sizimangothandizira kufalitsa deta pakati pa wina ndi mzake, komanso zimapulumutsa kutuluka kwa extranet.

Mu LAN, ma terminals amatha kupezana wina ndi mnzake kutengera ma adilesi awo a MAC ndikupezana (Kulumikizana kwa Gawo 2).Kuti mupeze ma netiweki akunja, khazikitsani rauta, kudzera pa IP malo, mutha kupezanso njira yolowera ndi kutuluka (Kulumikizana kwa Gawo 3).

Monga tonse tikudziwa, "4G idzasintha miyoyo yathu, ndipo 5G idzasintha anthu athu".Monga njira zamakono zamakono zoyankhulirana zam'manja pakalipano, 5G imagwira ntchito ya "Intaneti ya chirichonse ndi kusintha kwa digito kwa mazana a mizere ndi zikwi za mafakitale", zomwe ziyenera kuthandiza ogwiritsa ntchito m'mafakitale okhazikika kuti agwirizane.

Chifukwa chake, 5G siyingangolumikiza ma terminal onse kumtambo, komanso kuzindikira "kulumikizana kwapafupi" pakati pa ma terminal.

Chifukwa chake, mu 3GPP R16 muyezo, 5G LAN idayambitsa izi.

Mfundo ndi Makhalidwe a 5G LAN

Mu Network 5G, olamulira amatha kusintha zomwe zili mu database ya ogwiritsa (UDM network element), kusaina mgwirizano wautumiki ndi nambala yodziwika ya UE, kenako ndikugawa m'magulu omwewo kapena osiyanasiyana Virtual network (VN).

Malo osungira ogwiritsira ntchito amapereka chidziwitso chamagulu a VN ndi ndondomeko zofikira kuzinthu zoyendetsera maukonde (SMF, AMF, PCF, etc.) za 5G core network (5GC).Utsogoleri wa NE umaphatikiza zidziwitso ndi malamulowa kukhala ma Lans osiyanasiyana.Iyi ndi 5G LAN.

5G LAN imathandizira kulumikizana kwa Layer 2 (gawo la netiweki lomwelo, kulumikizana mwachindunji) komanso kulumikizana kwa Layer 3 (kudutsa magawo a netiweki, mothandizidwa ndi njira).5G LAN imathandizira unicast komanso ma multicast ndi kuwulutsa.Mwachidule, njira yolumikizirana yolumikizana ndiyosinthika kwambiri, ndipo ma network ndi osavuta.

Pankhani ya kukula, 5G LAN imathandizira kulumikizana pakati pa UPF yomweyo (media side network element ya 5G core network) ndi ma UPF osiyanasiyana.Izi ndizofanana ndi kuswa malire a mtunda pakati pa ma terminal (ngakhale Beijing ndi Shanghai amatha kulumikizana).

Makamaka, maukonde a 5G LAN amatha kulumikizana ndi ma netiweki omwe alipo a ogwiritsa ntchito kuti apulagi ndi kusewera komanso kulumikizana.

Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito Ndi Ubwino wa 5G LAN

5G LAN imathandizira magulu ndi kulumikizana pakati pa ma terminals a 5G, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri kupanga ma network amtundu wa LAN wamabizinesi.Owerenga ambiri akutsimikiza kufunsa, kodi kusuntha sikutheka kale ndiukadaulo womwe ulipo wa Wi-Fi?Chifukwa chiyani pakufunika 5G LAN?

Osadandaula, tiyeni tipitirire.

Maukonde akomweko omwe amathandizidwa ndi 5G LAN atha kuthandiza mabizinesi, masukulu, maboma, ndi mabanja kuti azilumikizana bwino ndi ma terminals m'dera.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu maukonde ofesi, koma phindu lake lalikulu lagona pa kusintha kwa chilengedwe kupanga paki ndi kusintha kwa maukonde zofunika mabizinesi kupanga monga mafakitale kupanga, madoko malo ndi migodi mphamvu.

Tsopano tikulimbikitsa intaneti yamakampani.Timakhulupirira kuti 5G ikhoza kupangitsa kuti ma digito awonekere m'mafakitale chifukwa 5G ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yolumikizirana opanda zingwe yokhala ndi bandwidth yayikulu komanso kuchedwa kocheperako, komwe kumatha kuzindikira kulumikizidwa kopanda zingwe kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana zopanga m'mafakitale.

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani za kupanga mafakitale.M'mbuyomu, kuti apange makina abwino, kuti akwaniritse kuwongolera zida, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa "mabasi amakampani".Pali mitundu yambiri yaukadaulo uwu, womwe ungatchulidwe kuti "ponseponse".

Pambuyo pake, ndi kutuluka kwa teknoloji ya Ethernet ndi IP, makampaniwa adapanga mgwirizano, pamodzi ndi kusinthika kwa Ethernet, pali "industrial Ethernet".Masiku ano, ziribe kanthu kuti ndindani wolumikizana ndi mafakitale, makamaka ndi Ethernet-based.

Pambuyo pake, makampani opanga mafakitale adapeza kuti kulumikizana kwa mawaya kumachepetsa kuyenda kwambiri - nthawi zonse pamakhala "chingwe" kumbuyo kwa chipangizocho chomwe chimalepheretsa kuyenda kwaulere.

Komanso, njira yotumizira mawaya ndizovuta kwambiri, nthawi yomanga ndi yayitali, mtengo wake ndi wokwera.Ngati pali vuto ndi zida kapena chingwe, m'malo mwake mumachedwa kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, makampani adayamba kuganiza zoyambitsa ukadaulo wolumikizirana opanda zingwe.

Zotsatira zake, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth ndi matekinoloje ena alowa m'munda wa mafakitale.

Chifukwa chake, kuti mubwerere ku funso lapitalo, bwanji 5G LAN pomwe pali Wi-Fi?

Nachi chifukwa:

1. Kuchita kwa maukonde a Wi-Fi (makamaka Wi-Fi 4 ndi Wi-Fi 5) sikuli bwino ngati 5G.

Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa kufalikira ndi kuchedwa, 5G ikhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira za maloboti a mafakitale (kuwongolera mamanipulator), kuyang'anira khalidwe lanzeru (kuzindikira zithunzi zothamanga kwambiri), AGV (galimoto yosayendetsedwa) ndi zochitika zina.

Pankhani yakufalitsa, 5G ili ndi malo okulirapo kuposa Wi-Fi ndipo imatha kuphimba bwino sukuluyo.Kuthekera kwa 5G kusinthana pakati pa ma cell kulinso kolimba kuposa Wi-Fi, zomwe zimabweretsa ogwiritsa ntchito maukonde abwinoko.

2. Mtengo wokonza maukonde a Wi-Fi ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Kuti amange netiweki ya Wi-Fi paki, mabizinesi amayenera kuyimbira mawaya ndikugula zida zawo.Zida zimatsika mtengo, zimawonongeka ndikusinthidwa, komanso zimasungidwa ndi antchito apadera.Pali matani a zida za Wi-Fi, ndipo kasinthidwe ndizovuta.

5G ndi yosiyana.Imamangidwa ndikusamalidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ndikubwerekedwa ndi mabizinesi (Wi-Fi motsutsana ndi 5G ili ngati kumanga chipinda chanu motsutsana ndi cloud computing).

Kuphatikizidwa pamodzi, 5G idzakhala yotsika mtengo.

3. 5G LAN ili ndi ntchito zamphamvu kwambiri.

Gulu la VN la 5G LAN latchulidwa kale.Kuphatikiza pa kudzipatula kwa kuyankhulana, ntchito yofunika kwambiri yamagulu ndikukwaniritsa kusiyanitsa kwa QoS (utumiki) wa maukonde osiyanasiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, bizinesi ili ndi netiweki yamaofesi, netiweki ya IT system, ndi netiweki ya OT.

OT imayimira Operational Technology.Ndi netiweki yomwe imagwirizanitsa chilengedwe cha mafakitale ndi zida, monga lathes, zida za robotic, masensa, zida, AGVs, machitidwe owunikira, MES, PLCS, ndi zina zotero.

Ma network osiyanasiyana ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.Zina zimafuna latency yochepa, zina zimafuna bandwidth yapamwamba, ndipo zina zimakhala ndi zofunikira zochepa.

5G LAN imatha kufotokozera magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana pamaneti kutengera magulu osiyanasiyana a VN.Mabizinesi ena, amatchedwa "micro slice".

4. 5G LAN ndiyosavuta kuyendetsa komanso yotetezeka.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, deta yosayina yogwiritsira ntchito ikhoza kusinthidwa mu 5G UDM nes of carriers kwa ogwiritsira ntchito m'magulu a VN.Ndiye, kodi tiyenera kupita kwa kasitomala wonyamula nthawi iliyonse yomwe tikufuna kusintha zidziwitso zamagulu a terminal (kujowina, kufufuta, kusintha)?

Inde sichoncho.

Mu maukonde a 5G, ogwira ntchito amatha kutsegula chilolezo chosinthika kwa olamulira ma network a bizinesi kudzera pakupanga ma interfaces, ndikupangitsa kuti azisintha.

Zachidziwikire, mabizinesi amathanso kukhazikitsa malamulo awoawo pa intaneti malinga ndi zosowa zawo.

Pokhazikitsa kulumikizana kwa data, mabizinesi amatha kukhazikitsa njira zololeza ndikutsimikizira kuti aziwongolera magulu a VN.Chitetezo ichi ndi champhamvu kwambiri komanso chosavuta kuposa Wi-Fi.

Chitsanzo cha 5G LAN

Tiyeni tiwone ubwino wa 5G LAN kudzera mu chitsanzo cha intaneti.

Choyamba, makampani opanga, ali ndi msonkhano wake, mzere wopanga (kapena lathe), ayenera kulumikiza kutha kwa PLC ndi PLC kudzera pamaneti.

Mzere uliwonse wa msonkhano uli ndi zipangizo zambiri, komanso zodziimira.Ndikoyenera kukhazikitsa ma module a 5G pazida zilizonse pamzere wa msonkhano.Komabe, zikuwoneka ngati zikhala zodula pang'ono panthawiyi.

Kenako, kukhazikitsidwa kwa 5G pachipata cha mafakitale, kapena 5G CPE, kumatha kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito.Yoyenera mawaya, olumikizidwa ku doko lawaya (doko la Ethernet, kapena doko la PLC).Yoyenera opanda zingwe, yolumikizidwa ndi 5G kapena Wi-Fi.

Ngati 5G sichirikiza 5G LAN (isanafike R16), ndizothekanso kuzindikira kugwirizana pakati pa PLC ndi PLC wolamulira.Komabe, maukonde onse a 5G ndi protocol ya Layer 3 yomwe imadalira ma adilesi a IP, ndipo adilesi yomaliza ndi adilesi ya IP, yomwe siyigwirizana ndi kutumiza kwa Layer 2.Kuti muzindikire kulumikizana komaliza mpaka kumapeto, AR (Access Router) iyenera kuwonjezeredwa mbali zonse ziwiri kuti ikhazikitse ngalande, kuyika ma protocol a Layer 2 mumsewu, ndikuifikitsa kumapeto kwa anzawo.

Njirayi sikuti imangowonjezera zovuta, komanso imawonjezera mtengo (mtengo wogulira rauta ya AR, AR router kasinthidwe antchito ndi mtengo wanthawi).Ngati mukuganiza za msonkhano wokhala ndi mizere masauzande ambiri, mtengo wake ungakhale wodabwitsa.

Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa 5G LAN, maukonde a 5G amathandizira kutumiza kwachindunji kwa protocol ya Layer 2, kotero ma routers a AR sakufunikanso.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, intaneti ya 5G ikhoza kupereka njira zopita kumalo opanda ma IP, ndipo UPF ikhoza kuzindikira ma adilesi a MAC a ma terminals.Netiweki yonseyo imakhala netiweki yamtundu umodzi wosanjikiza, yomwe imatha kulumikizana wina ndi mnzake pagawo 2.

Pulagi ndi kusewera kwa 5G LAN kumatha kudziphatikiza bwino ndi maukonde omwe alipo makasitomala, kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa ma network omwe alipo, ndikupulumutsa ndalama zambiri popanda kukonzanso movutikira komanso kukweza.

Kuchokera pakuwona kwakukulu, 5G LAN ndi mgwirizano pakati pa teknoloji ya 5G ndi Ethernet.M'tsogolomu, chitukuko cha teknoloji ya TSN (time sensitive network) yochokera ku teknoloji ya Efaneti singasiyanitsidwe ndi chithandizo cha 5G LAN.

Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti 5G LAN, kuphatikiza pakuthandizira kumanga netiweki yamkati mwa pakiyo, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chowonjezera pamizere yodzipatulira yamabizinesi kuti alumikizane ndi nthambi m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Module ya 5G LAN

Monga mukuwonera, 5G LAN ndiukadaulo wofunikira waukadaulo wa 5G m'mafakitale oyimirira.Itha kupanga mauthenga amphamvu achinsinsi a 5G kuti athandize makasitomala kufulumizitsa kusintha kwawo kwa digito ndi kukweza.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino 5G LAN, kuwonjezera pa kukweza kwa ma network, thandizo la module la 5G likufunikanso.

M'kati mwa ukadaulo wa 5G LAN, Unigroup Zhangrui idakhazikitsa nsanja yoyamba ya 5G R16 Ready baseband chip - V516.

Kutengera nsanja iyi, Quectel, wopanga ma module otsogola ku China, adapanga bwino ma module angapo a 5G othandizira ukadaulo wa 5G LAN, ndipo adagulitsidwa, kuphatikiza RG500U, RG200U, RM500U ndi LGA, M.2, Mini PCIe phukusi. .