Kodi Zinthu Zokhudza Ma Smart Sensors Zidzakhala Bwanji M'tsogolo? - Gawo 1

(Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Nkhaniyi, yomasuliridwa kuchokera ku ulinkmedia.)

Masensa akhala paliponse. Analipo kale kwambiri intaneti isanayambe, ndipo ndithudi kale kwambiri intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT) isanayambe. Masensa anzeru amakono alipo kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri kuposa kale lonse, msika ukusintha, ndipo pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikule.

Magalimoto, makamera, mafoni a m'manja, ndi makina a fakitale omwe amathandizira intaneti ya zinthu ndi ena mwa ochepa mwa misika yambiri yogwiritsira ntchito masensa.

• Masensa mu Dziko Lachilengedwe la Intaneti

Popeza intaneti ya zinthu yayamba, kupanga zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito digito (timachitcha kuti Industry 4.0), komanso kuyesetsa kwathu kosalekeza kusintha zinthu m'magawo onse azachuma ndi anthu, masensa anzeru akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndipo msika wa masensa ukukula mofulumira komanso mwachangu.

Ndipotu, m'njira zina, masensa anzeru ndiye maziko "enieni" a intaneti ya Zinthu. Pa gawo ili la kukhazikitsa iot, anthu ambiri amatanthauzirabe iot ponena za zipangizo za iot. Intaneti ya Zinthu nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati netiweki ya zipangizo zolumikizidwa, kuphatikizapo masensa anzeru. Zipangizozi zimathanso kutchedwa zida zozindikira.

Kotero zimaphatikizapo ukadaulo wina monga masensa ndi mauthenga omwe amatha kuyeza zinthu ndikusintha zomwe amayesa kukhala deta yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Cholinga ndi momwe pulogalamuyi imagwirira ntchito (mwachitsanzo, ukadaulo wolumikizira womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito) zimatsimikiza masensa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Masensa ndi Masensa Anzeru - Kodi dzina lake ndi chiyani?

• Matanthauzo a Masensa ndi Masensa Anzeru

Masensa ndi zida zina za IoT ndiye maziko a ukadaulo wa IoT. Amajambula deta yomwe mapulogalamu athu amafunikira ndikuipereka ku makina apamwamba olumikizirana. Monga momwe tafotokozera mu mawu oyamba aukadaulo wa iot, "pulojekiti" ya iot ingagwiritse ntchito masensa angapo. Mtundu ndi chiwerengero cha masensa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito zimadalira zofunikira pa polojekiti ndi luntha la polojekiti. Tengani chida chanzeru chamafuta: chingakhale ndi masensa masauzande ambiri.

• Tanthauzo la Masensa

Masensa ndi osinthira, monga otchedwa ma actuator. Masensa amasintha mphamvu kuchokera ku mtundu wina kupita ku wina. Pa masensa anzeru, izi zikutanthauza kuti masensa amatha "kumva" momwe zinthu zilili mkati ndi mozungulira zida zomwe alumikizidwa nazo komanso zinthu zakuthupi zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito (makhalidwe ndi malo).

Masensa amatha kuzindikira ndi kuyeza magawo, zochitika, kapena kusintha kumeneku ndikuzipereka ku makina apamwamba ndi zida zina zomwe zingagwiritse ntchito detayo posintha, kusanthula, ndi zina zotero.

Sensa ndi chipangizo chomwe chimazindikira, kuyeza, kapena kusonyeza kuchuluka kulikonse kwa thupi (monga kuwala, kutentha, kuyenda, chinyezi, kupanikizika, kapena chinthu china chofanana) powasandutsa kukhala mtundu wina uliwonse (makamaka ma pulse amagetsi) (kuchokera ku: United Market Research Institute).

Zinthu ndi zochitika zomwe masensa amatha "kuzindikira" ndikulankhulana zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zinthu monga kuwala, phokoso, kuthamanga, kutentha, kugwedezeka, chinyezi, kukhalapo kwa mankhwala enaake kapena mpweya, kuyenda, kupezeka kwa tinthu ta fumbi, ndi zina zotero.

Mwachionekere, masensa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa intaneti ya zinthu ndipo ayenera kukhala olondola kwambiri chifukwa masensa ndi malo oyamba kupeza deta.

Sensa ikazindikira ndikutumiza chidziwitso, actuator imayatsidwa ndipo imagwira ntchito. Actuator imalandira chizindikiro ndikuyika mayendedwe omwe ikufunika kuti ichitepo kanthu pa chilengedwe. Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chimapangitsa kuti chikhale chooneka bwino ndipo chikuwonetsa zina mwazinthu zomwe tingathe "kumva". Masensa a IoT ndi osiyana chifukwa amakhala ngati ma module a sensor kapena ma board opanga (nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mapulogalamu enaake) ndi zina zotero.

• Tanthauzo la Smart Sensor

Mawu oti “wanzeru” akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mawu ena ambiri asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti ya zinthu. Nyumba zanzeru, kasamalidwe ka zinyalala mwanzeru, nyumba zanzeru, mababu anzeru, mizinda yanzeru, magetsi anzeru mumsewu, maofesi anzeru, mafakitale anzeru ndi zina zotero. Ndipo, ndithudi, masensa anzeru.

Masensa anzeru amasiyana ndi masensa chifukwa masensa anzeru ndi nsanja zapamwamba zokhala ndi ukadaulo wogwiritsidwa ntchito mkati monga ma microprocessor, zosungira, zowunikira, ndi zida zolumikizira zomwe zimasintha zizindikiro zachikhalidwe zoyankha kukhala chidziwitso chenicheni cha digito (Deloitte).

Mu 2009, bungwe la International Frequency Sensors Association (IFSA) linafufuza anthu angapo ochokera ku maphunziro ndi mafakitale kuti apeze sensa yanzeru. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa zizindikiro za digito m'zaka za m'ma 1980 ndi kuwonjezera ukadaulo watsopano m'zaka za m'ma 1990, masensa ambiri amatha kutchedwa masensa anzeru.

M'zaka za m'ma 1990, lingaliro la "kompyuta yofalikira" linayamba kuonekera, lomwe limaonedwa kuti ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa intaneti ya Zinthu, makamaka pamene makompyuta ophatikizidwa akupita patsogolo. Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990, chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi ukadaulo wopanda zingwe m'magawo a masensa zinapitirira kukula, ndipo kutumiza deta potengera kuzindikira ndi zina zotero kunakhala kofunika kwambiri. Masiku ano, izi zikuwonekeratu mu intaneti ya Zinthu. Ndipotu, anthu ena adatchula ma network a masensa asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, monga mukuonera, zambiri zachitika mu malo a masensa anzeru mu 2009.